Abstract
Agricultural extension services play a critical role in enhancing productivity and sustainability in aquaculture systems. This study examined the delivery and effectiveness of agricultural extension services among fish farmers in Lagos State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 120 fish farmers using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse extension service delivery channels, access patterns, and determinants of extension service utilisation. The results showed that extension services are delivered through a pluralistic system involving public extension agents (40.8%), cooperative societies (36.7%), private consultants (22.7%), and ICT-based platforms (48.3%). Regression results indicate that education level (β = 0.286, p < 0.01), farming experience (β = 0.241, p < 0.01), farm size (β = 0.119, p < 0.05), and cooperative membership (β = 0.312, p < 0.01) significantly influence access to extension services, with the model explaining 41% of the variation (R² = 0.41). The study concludes that agricultural extension services are moderately effective but constrained by inadequate personnel, irregular visits, and poor funding. It recommends strengthening public extension systems, promoting ICT-based advisory services, and adopting blended extension approaches to improve service delivery and enhance aquaculture productivity in Lagos State.